Selling on eBay - a Small Business Guide to Selling Successfully and Profitably on eBay

eBay is the world's largest online marketplace, withstates that consumers have the right to return their
around 181 million customers. 43% of all internet users inpurchases within seven days of purchase. So make
the UK visit the site every month, with an averagethis a benefit from buying from you:
user spending almost two hours on eBay every singleMoney Back Guarantee
month.We're absolutely confident in this product.
It's no wonder that a lot of small businesses look atBut if you are not satisfied, return it to usin new
eBay as a way of getting into online sales. It's not allcondition within seven daysand we'll give you your
plain sailing though, and many businesses have foundmoney back.
that it can be time consuming and unprofitable.When I write a listing for eBay, I tend to write the first
There are some pointers that can make trading onparagraph as a summary of what is on offer. I make it
eBay profitable, interesting and fun. Have you noticedsnappy, exciting and interesting.
how some sellers can get significantly more bids andAlways include your name and telephone number at
higher prices, whilst other sellers offer the same itemsthe top and bottom of your listing. Prospective
at lower prices and get little or no interest?customers will feel a lot more comfortable about
It isn't down to luck. But put in a effort and planning, andbuying from you.
you too can become a successful and profitable eBayWhen you've finished writing your listing, save it, print it
trader.out, then go away and do something else for half an
I've written this article with an English audience in mind.hour. Then come back and go over it again. It can help
The legal implications of selling on eBay are from anto read your listing out loud and make sure it sounds
English perspective. However, most of the conceptsright to you.
will be the same around the world.Setting the Price
Know the LawYou will obviously have a minimum price that you are
If you sell products to consumers, you need to beprepared to accept for your item. There are two
aware of the Distance Selling Regulations and theways of setting this price:
E-Commerce Regulations which give protection to- Either use this minimum price as the starting price, or
consumers who shop via the Internet.- Set a hidden reserve price
These regulations provide protection to consumers inI personally tend to choose the latter and start the
the following ways:bidding from 1p. The reason for this approach is
two-fold:
1. Consumers have the right to receive information
about goods and services, in writing, before deciding to1. If people see the start price as being fairly high, you'll
buy;get less people bidding and your product may fail to
2. A cooling off period of seven working days in whichsell
the consumer can withdraw from the contract;2. For some very curious reason, items with lots of
3. Protection from credit card fraud.bids on them attract more bids later on in the auction.
Get using eBayThere is also a 'Buy It Now' feature in eBay, which
If you haven't registered on eBay, get yourself a userallows people to buy the product straight away and
name and start trading. Give yourself a sensibleshort-cut the rest of the auction. Buy It Now is ideal for
sounding user name that will add credibility to whateverpeople who want to buy something and get it in a day
it is you are going to be selling. Register yourself as aor so. People who use Buy It Now aren't so interested
business user as this will give you easier access toin getting the best price, they just want it quickly.
more business functions within eBay later on, andPayment Options
register yourself as a Seller as well as a Buyer.Make it easy to get paid. Most eBay auctions are paid
Browse some of the listings, notice how differentusing PayPal: your customer has a choice of setting up
people list their items. If you see a listing that you like -a PayPal account (and millions have already done so),
because of the description, the detail, the photographs,or just entering their credit card details online. PayPal
the layout - print a copy off. You may well want to docommission rates are also very competitive when
something similar yourself when it is time for listing yourcompared to more traditional credit card facilities.
own items.However, it is always worth having other options
Get yourself a PayPal account and register yourselfavailable. If your business offers credit card payment
as a seller, so that you can receive payments.already, make sure your listing tells your customer that
Buy a few small items on eBay. Get comfortable withthey can phone you up to pay by credit card. This will
the process. Bid on items in auctions, and buy itemsencourage people who distrust online payment
using the 'Buy It Now' facility.systems, and help you build up rapport with your
When you have received your goods, promptly leavecustomer once they've bought.
good feedback for the seller. They should reciprocateGetting your auction listing live
and give you good feedback in return. The moreOnce you are happy with what you have written, it's
positive feedback you get the better, as this will helptime to enter the information into eBay and get your
your credibility when you start to sell yourself.auction going.
Sell a few bits and bobs on eBay as well. It's a greatTo do this, click on the SELL button at the top of the
time to clear the decks of jumble that you've pickedscreen in eBay and follow the instructions. Type in
up over the years.what you are selling and eBay will suggest some
Research Your Product, Research Your Market Placerelevant categories. Select the best fit category and
Do you know what you want to sell? Who else isthen continue.
selling a similar product? What price are people payingEnter your title - and subtitle if you so wish, and then
for similar goods? Is your product easy to deliver?upload your photographs.
If you have no idea of what products you want to sell,The more photographs you upload, the more it costs,
get a copy of The Trader and Exchange and Mart. Itbut it is never worth skimping on photographs - your
will provide you with a whole list of suppliers and couldprospects are going to want to see exactly what they
spawn off some other ideas of what you want to sell.are getting.
Consider your product. It isn't always necessary to pickSelect the option to have a Gallery Picture. This
a product you know about, but there are a few thingsmeans that prospects get to see a thumbnail-sized
that you should consider.photograph on the eBay listings page - which
Firstly, how are you going to get it to your customer? Ifdramatically increases the number of people who will
it is a big, bulky package, or if it weighs more thanclick through to see your listing.
25kg, it is going to cost a lot to get it delivered. It is alsoCut and paste your listing description from Word into
going to be difficult to collect it from a customer ifthe description. Then use the formatting tools to tidy up
there is a fault with the product. Is the package fragile?your listing: I personally tend to make the first
If so, expect problems with deliveries - no matter howparagraph bold, and tend to change the font size to
well you think you can package it up.make it slightly larger than standard, which has the
If your item is too big or bulky to post, phone up abenefit of making the listing easier to read.eBay has a
couple of parcel carriers to get some quotes. Use anumber of 'listing designer' options, which I tend to avoid
reputable parcel carrier like ByBox, Initial City Link oras most of them look tacky and cheap. Feel free to
Amtrak. If your item isn't so fragile, consider carrierslook at them though, if you feel it would benefit your
such as DHL and ParcelForce.listing. One advantage that the listing designer has is
Consider how you will resolve warranty problems. Dothat you can then put a picture at the top of your
you have a supplier who has the facilities andlisting, which does help.
resources to help you, or are you on your own?Next, set your start price, reserve price and - if you
The next step is to research your market and find outwish - your Buy It Now price.
who is selling something similar on eBay. This is fairlyNext comes the option to make your listing private.
easy as eBay itself provides some useful tools to helpThis means that all buyers remain anonymous to other
you get going, with the Advanced Search function.eBay users. Select this option. This will stop your
Once you click on the Advanced Search function, youcompetitors seeing who has been bidding for your
can start specifying what you are looking for in muchitems and how much they bid for them.
more detail. You can exclude words from your search,Select your payment methods and set up your
you can specify a minimum and a maximum price, youpostage options. Offer the option to allow the
can specify business or private sellers, whether thecustomer to collect the item from you as well - this
items should be new or used, and you can specify aadds extra confidence in your auction, as it shows you
range of how many bids the item should have in orderare approachable, both before and after the sale.
to be included in the search.Finally, set up the Returns Policy, and if you want to
More interestingly, from a viewpoint of someonegive your buyer some further information which they'll
wanting to research a specific product on eBay, yousee once they've completed the auction, add this to
can specify Completed Listings only. This means youthe 'Additional Checkout Instructions' field.
can see how many similar products to yours haveOnce you've completed posting your listing, make a
been offered on eBay over the past month, what theynote of the auction number, which will come in handy
sold for, if they sold and the number of people who bidlater on. View your auction so you can see what
on them.everyone else can see and make sure you are happy
I recently wanted to sell a car on eBay, and wanted towith it. If you are not, edit it immediately.
see what similar cars had sold for over the past fewNow the fun really starts!
weeks. Using the eBay Advanced Search option, IRunning the Auction
requested a search for cars similar to mine, within aFor the first day or so, I usually let the auction run its
similar price range.course. Because eBay lists all auctions in date order,
Very quickly, I was able to ascertain what other carsyour listing will usually be near the back, so a lot of
had been offered, how many bids each auction gotbidders won't see it in the early couple of days. You'll
and whether the cars sold or not.probably get one or two bids - opportunists who see
It's a great tool - you can identify if your particularthe potential for a bargain - but that is probably about it.
marketplace is saturated or if you are one of only aFor obvious reasons, eBay won't allow you to bid on
few sellers.your own items - but there is no reason for you not to
Now look at these auctions in more detail to find outask a couple of your friends to put in some low bids.
clues as to why some sold for more than others. You'llThis increases the number of bidders, and the more
soon notice a pattern:bids an item receives makes your auction more
interesting to other eBayers. If you can get 10-11 low
1. Lots of photographs and well written information withbids in at an early stage, it can make a big difference
prominent contact details do well, with lots of interest,later on. You still want your listing to appear cheap,
lots of bids and a good sale price.however, so make sure your friends are well briefed.
2. Listings lacking one or more of the above attractIf I were selling a £400 product, and I had
less interest.started bidding off at 1p, for instance, I'd want to cap
3. Animated cartoons, musical effects, difficult to readthese bids off at around £80.
fonts, or a poor description in two or three lines andThen you leave the auction to run its course. Answer
typed ENTIRELY IN CAPITAL LETTERS do worst ofany questions you get on e-mail or by phone quickly,
all.promptly and as friendly as possible.
This is a big eBay secret: spend time on your listing,Most auctions really come alive in the last few hours. I
make yourself look professional. You'll reap theusually check the auction about twelve hours before it
rewards.is due to close, and if the bidding is still low, I'll get a
If you now know your product, your market and yourfriend to put in a bid to bring it very close to the
competition, you're a big step along the way. But canreserve price (i.e. £2 under), so that the next
you make money? It's time to...successful bidder will win the item. Then I leave it to
Forecast!see what happens.
Forecast your sales to ensure you can make a profit.It can be quite exciting to watch the end of the auction.
Take into account:If there are a few genuine bidders on there, your sale
- Delivery Costs - to the customer, and to you in theprice can go up dramatically in the last two minutes of
first placethe auction.
- Warranty Failure CostsAs soon as the auction completes, use the eBay
- The time it takes to manage the sale and after salefacility to get in touch with the buyer and send an
Then you can identify your break even price. Compareinvoice. Thank them for their purchase, and let them
this with the average price of bids on eBay for theknow your telephone number, in case they want to get
products you are planning to sell and see what thein touch with you again.
difference is.At this point, you'll be able to see their full details -
Test, Test, Testname, address and telephone number. Make a note of
Before you buy a huge bulk of product, try and testthis (I tend to print off a copy of the invoice, which I
the market with a small sample. This may mean youthen attach to the item when I ship it off), as it can be
having to buy your product at a higher price, but it's anhard to get access to later on.
awful lot cheaper than importing containers of productThe Next Steps
in from China - only to find you can't sell it!The rest is just good customer service. Telephone or
Get some really good quality photographs and then pute-mail your new customer and thank them for their
your small sample of products on eBay.business. Assure them that they have bought a great
How to make the most of your eBay listingproduct and remind them of the warranty and
We've already discovered a few things about whatmoney-back guarantee, if you offer that.
makes a good listing and what makes a bad one. NowIf they haven't paid already, ask them how they would
it's your turn to create your own sales pitch.like to pay. If you offer credit card payment facilities,
Start with an attention grabbing headline and subtitle. Innow is a good time to get that sorted out. If you are
eBay, headlines and subtitles are important. When yougetting the product delivered to them, ask them what
search for items on eBay, eBay searches theday would be convenient. If they are not around during
headlines and subtitles for matching words andthe day, tell them about the ByBox parcel vending
phrases, so you need to make sure that all themachine service and ask if they would be interested in
relevant search words are included.using that.
Here are some examples of good and bad headlines:There is one final tool that eBay gives you, which is
Good: Compact, lightweight folding bike/bicyclesuitable where you've got multiple items to sell: the
Bad: Folding Bike'Second Chance Offer'. If you had several bidders
'Folding Bike' is bad because it doesn't pick up onbidding acceptable amounts of money for your item,
anyone looking for 'folding bicycle'. If people are lookingyou can give them a second chance to buy your item
for a folding bike, they also want something that isat the price they bid at in the auction. It's a great tool,
compact and lightweight, so if your folding bike isallowing you to potentially sell a few items at the same
compact and lightweight, put this in the headline as well,time.
so that you get picked up on people looking forAfter the Trial
'compact bike', 'lightweight folding bicycle' and so on.Now is the time to go back to your forecasts and see
Good: Smoothie/Smoothy Maker and Juicer withhow well you performed. Have you made money
Recipesduring the trial? If not, are you going to make money
Bad: Smoothie Makerwhen you start selling in bulk? If not, it's time to try
'Smoothie Maker' doesn't say very much - there issomething else.
nothing to differentiate your product from hundreds ofIf, on the other hand, you've done well with your trial
others. But smoothies can make juice, so add that in.auctions, it is time to move onto the next stage. Refine
The handbook from a smoothie maker includesyour listing, start more auctions and take it from there.
recipes, so add that too. And as for the the alternativeIf you're doing really well with your current product,
spelling of smoothie? 'Smoothie' is an easy word toyour competitors will start selling it as well. To stay one
mis-spell, so if you include the most likely alternative,step ahead, you need to start finding the next
you'll get picked up if someone searches for 'Smoothykiller-product to sell.
Maker'. None of your competitors will, dramaticallyWhen you've find it, get in touch with your existing
increasing your chances of a sale.eBay customers and let them know about it. Especially
Once you've worked out a headline, write yourif it a related item to your first product, this could be a
description. Don't start writing it on the eBay web site -quick way to make some early sales.
use Word to start with - then cut and paste yourWhen you're starting to sell reasonable volumes of
description onto eBay.products on eBay, you'll start needing to look for ways
There are some 'magic words' which work well onto automate your eBay listings and sales. There are a
eBay. If you can use Free, New, You, Yes, Discover,number of products on the market. Do a search on
Benefit, Money, Guarantee, Now, Secret, Proven. inGoogle for 'eBay automation' for more details.
your listing, you'll reap the rewards later.Finally, don't forget to keep checking your performance
Focus on the benefits of what you are trying to sell. Ifagainst your forecast. Make sure you really are
you do mention a feature of your product - highlightmaking money and most of all: have fun! eBay is a
what benefit that will be to your customer.great community and an enjoyable way to create an
Make sure you promote your Unique Selling Featuresadditional revenue stream and get your business
in your auction listing. Ask yourself "why should peopleknown by a wider community.
buy from me?" - and put your answer into the listing.I wish you the very best of luck on your eBay venture!
Incidentally, remember that the distance selling directive